What is a Heater Van?
- Insulated dry van body (walls, roof, and optionally floor)
- Integrated heating unit to maintain above-freezing temperatures
- Used for freeze-sensitive freight in cold weather
- Not a reefer - does not provide cooling, only heating
- Common in Canadian winter operations for products that cannot freeze
Note: Heater vans are not a replacement for reefers. They provide heating only and cannot cool freight. If you need temperature control in both directions, consider a reefer trailer instead.
Common Applications
Preventing canned/bottled beverages from freezing during winter transport and storage
Paint products can be ruined by freezing; heater vans maintain safe temperatures
Certain medications require above-freezing storage during transport
Protecting temperature-sensitive electronics from extreme cold
Products that must stay above freezing but do not require refrigeration
Adhesives, sealants, and other materials that freeze damage renders unusable
Heater Unit Types
Diesel-Fired Heaters
Brands: Thermo King, Carrier
Self-contained units that burn diesel fuel to generate heat. Common for long-haul operations.
Considerations: Fuel consumption, maintenance intervals, noise levels
Electric Standby
Brands: Various OEMs
Allows the heater to run on shore power when trailer is parked, reducing fuel use.
Considerations: Requires electrical hookup at destination
Engine-Powered (Truck APU)
Brands: Various
Uses the tractor APU or engine to provide heat through a duct system.
Considerations: Requires compatible tractor, less common for rental
Procurement Checklist
- 1Define minimum temperature requirements for your freight
- 2Specify insulation requirements (walls, roof, floor)
- 3Confirm heating capacity is adequate for your climate zone
- 4Verify heater unit brand and service availability in your operating area
- 5Understand fuel consumption rates for planning
- 6Confirm electric standby availability if needed for yard storage
- 7Review warranty coverage for heating unit and insulation
- 8Ensure OEM or dealer can provide service support
Questions to Ask Vendors
- 1What is the heating capacity (BTU rating) of this unit?
- 2What minimum exterior temperature is this heater rated for?
- 3What is the insulation R-value for walls, roof, and floor?
- 4Does this unit have electric standby capability?
- 5What are the typical fuel consumption rates?
- 6Where is the nearest authorized service center for this heater brand?
- 7What warranty coverage applies to the heating unit?
- 8Can you provide the OEM specification sheet?
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between a heater van and a reefer?
A heater van only provides heating to prevent freezing; it cannot cool freight. A reefer (refrigerated trailer) can both heat and cool, maintaining precise temperatures. Heater vans are simpler and less expensive but are limited to freeze protection.
When would I choose a heater van over a reefer?
If your freight only needs protection from freezing and never requires cooling, a heater van is more cost-effective. Common examples include winter beverage distribution, paint transport, and certain pharmaceutical products.
What temperatures can a heater van maintain?
Most heater vans are designed to maintain interior temperatures above freezing (0C/32F) in exterior conditions down to -30C or colder, depending on the heating unit capacity and insulation quality.
How much fuel does a heater van use?
Fuel consumption varies by unit size, exterior temperature, and insulation quality. Diesel-fired heaters typically consume 0.5 to 1.5 gallons per hour depending on conditions. Check the specific unit specifications.
Are heater vans available for rent in Ontario?
Heater vans are available from some trailer rental providers in Ontario, though availability may be more limited than standard dry vans. Contact vendors directly or use TrailerMatch to request quotes.
Can a heater van be converted from a standard dry van?
Conversion is possible but involves adding insulation and a heating unit. Purpose-built heater vans from OEMs typically have better insulation integration and are more efficient than aftermarket conversions.